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# $Id: phreeqc.dat 3428 2009-03-23 16:31:34Z dlpark $
SOLUTION_MASTER_SPECIES
#
#element species alk gfw_formula element_gfw
#
H H+ -1. H 1.008
H(0) H2 0.0 H
H(1) H+ -1. 0.0
E e- 0.0 0.0 0.0
O H2O 0.0 O 16.00
O(0) O2 0.0 O
O(-2) H2O 0.0 0.0
Ca Ca+2 0.0 Ca 40.08
Mg Mg+2 0.0 Mg 24.312
Na Na+ 0.0 Na 22.9898
K K+ 0.0 K 39.102
Fe Fe+2 0.0 Fe 55.847
Fe(+2) Fe+2 0.0 Fe
Fe(+3) Fe+3 -2.0 Fe
Mn Mn+2 0.0 Mn 54.938
Mn(+2) Mn+2 0.0 Mn
Mn(+3) Mn+3 0.0 Mn
Al Al+3 0.0 Al 26.9815
Ba Ba+2 0.0 Ba 137.34
Sr Sr+2 0.0 Sr 87.62
Si H4SiO4 0.0 SiO2 28.0843
Cl Cl- 0.0 Cl 35.453
C CO3-2 2.0 HCO3 12.0111
C(+4) CO3-2 2.0 HCO3
C(-4) CH4 0.0 CH4
Alkalinity CO3-2 1.0 Ca0.5(CO3)0.5 50.05
S SO4-2 0.0 SO4 32.064
S(6) SO4-2 0.0 SO4
S(-2) HS- 1.0 S
N NO3- 0.0 N 14.0067
N(+5) NO3- 0.0 N
N(+3) NO2- 0.0 N
N(0) N2 0.0 N
N(-3) NH4+ 0.0 N
B H3BO3 0.0 B 10.81
P PO4-3 2.0 P 30.9738
F F- 0.0 F 18.9984
Li Li+ 0.0 Li 6.939
Br Br- 0.0 Br 79.904
Zn Zn+2 0.0 Zn 65.37
Cd Cd+2 0.0 Cd 112.4
Pb Pb+2 0.0 Pb 207.19
Cu Cu+2 0.0 Cu 63.546
Cu(+2) Cu+2 0.0 Cu
Cu(+1) Cu+1 0.0 Cu
SOLUTION_SPECIES
H+ = H+
log_k 0.000
-gamma 9.0000 0.0000
-dw 9.31e-9
e- = e-
log_k 0.000
H2O = H2O
log_k 0.000
Ca+2 = Ca+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.0000 0.1650
-dw 0.793e-9
-millero -19.69 0.1058 -0.001256 1.617 -0.075 0.0008262
Mg+2 = Mg+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.5000 0.2000
-dw 0.705e-9
-millero -22.32 0.0868 -0.0016 2.017 -0.125 0.001457
Na+ = Na+
log_k 0.000
-gamma 4.0000 0.0750
-dw 1.33e-9
-millero -3.46 0.1092 -0.000768 2.698 -0.106 0.001651
K+ = K+
log_k 0.000
-gamma 3.5000 0.0150
-dw 1.96e-9
-millero 7.26 0.0892 -0.000736 2.722 -0.101 0.00151
Fe+2 = Fe+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 6.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.719e-9
Mn+2 = Mn+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 6.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.688e-9
Al+3 = Al+3
log_k 0.000
-gamma 9.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.559e-9
Ba+2 = Ba+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.848e-9
Sr+2 = Sr+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.2600 0.1210
-dw 0.794e-9
-millero -18.44 0.0082 -0.0006 1.727 -0.067 0.00084
H4SiO4 = H4SiO4
log_k 0.000
-dw 1.10e-9
-millero 56.0 # b, c, d, e and f not reported by Millero, 2000
Cl- = Cl-
log_k 0.000
-gamma 3.5000 0.0150
-dw 2.03e-9
-millero 16.37 0.0896 -0.001264 -1.494 0.034 -0.000621
CO3-2 = CO3-2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.4000 0.0000
-dw 0.955e-9
-millero -8.74 0.300 -0.004064 5.65; # d is value for 25 oC, e and f not reported by Millero, 2000
SO4-2 = SO4-2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.0000 -0.0400
-dw 1.07e-9
-millero 9.26 0.284 -0.003808 0.4348 -0.0099143 -8.4762e-05
NO3- = NO3-
log_k 0.000
-gamma 3.0000 0.0000
-dw 1.9e-9
-millero 25.51 0.1888 -0.001984 -0.654; # d is value for 25 oC, e and f not reported by Millero, 2000
H3BO3 = H3BO3
log_k 0.000
-dw 1.1e-9
-millero 36.56 0.130 -0.00081 # d, e and f not reported by Millero, 2000
PO4-3 = PO4-3
log_k 0.000
-gamma 4.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.612e-9
F- = F-
log_k 0.000
-gamma 3.5000 0.0000
-dw 1.46e-9
-millero -3.05 0.3276 -0.00352 1.271 -0.074 8.857e-05
Li+ = Li+
log_k 0.000
-gamma 6.0000 0.0000
-dw 1.03e-9
Br- = Br-
log_k 0.000
-gamma 3.0000 0.0000
-dw 2.01e-9
-millero 22.98 0.0934 -0.000968 -1.675 0.05 -0.001105
Zn+2 = Zn+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 5.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.715e-9
Cd+2 = Cd+2
log_k 0.000
-dw 0.717e-9
Pb+2 = Pb+2
log_k 0.000
-dw 0.945e-9
Cu+2 = Cu+2
log_k 0.000
-gamma 6.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.733e-9
H2O = OH- + H+
log_k -14.000
delta_h 13.362 kcal
-analytic -283.971 -0.05069842 13323.0 102.24447 -1119669.0
-gamma 3.5000 0.0000
-dw 5.27e-9
2 H2O = O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e-
log_k -86.08
delta_h 134.79 kcal
-dw 2.35e-9
2 H+ + 2 e- = H2
log_k -3.15
delta_h -1.759 kcal
-dw 5.1e-9
CO3-2 + H+ = HCO3-
log_k 10.329
delta_h -3.561 kcal
-analytic 107.8871 0.03252849 -5151.79 -38.92561 563713.9
-gamma 5.4000 0.0000
-dw 1.18e-9
-millero 21.07 0.185 -0.002248 2.29 -0.006644 -3.667E-06
CO3-2 + 2 H+ = CO2 + H2O
log_k 16.681
delta_h -5.738 kcal
-analytic 464.1965 0.09344813 -26986.16 -165.75951 2248628.9
-dw 1.92e-9
CO3-2 + 10 H+ + 8 e- = CH4 + 3 H2O
log_k 41.071
delta_h -61.039 kcal
-dw 1.85e-9
SO4-2 + H+ = HSO4-
log_k 1.988
delta_h 3.85 kcal
-analytic -56.889 0.006473 2307.9 19.8858 0.0
-dw 1.33e-9
HS- = S-2 + H+
log_k -12.918
delta_h 12.1 kcal
-gamma 5.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.731e-9
SO4-2 + 9 H+ + 8 e- = HS- + 4 H2O
log_k 33.65
delta_h -60.140 kcal
-gamma 3.5000 0.0000
-dw 1.73e-9
HS- + H+ = H2S
log_k 6.994
delta_h -5.300 kcal
-analytical -11.17 0.02386 3279.0
-dw 2.1e-9
NO3- + 2 H+ + 2 e- = NO2- + H2O
log_k 28.570
delta_h -43.760 kcal
-gamma 3.0000 0.0000
-dw 1.91e-9
2 NO3- + 12 H+ + 10 e- = N2 + 6 H2O
log_k 207.080
delta_h -312.130 kcal
-dw 1.96e-9
NH4+ = NH3 + H+
log_k -9.252
delta_h 12.48 kcal
-analytic 0.6322 -0.001225 -2835.76
-dw 2.28e-9
NO3- + 10 H+ + 8 e- = NH4+ + 3 H2O
log_k 119.077
delta_h -187.055 kcal
-gamma 2.5000 0.0000
-dw 1.98e-9
-millero 17.47 -3.400e-3 7.600e-4 # From Millero, 1971, d, e and f not reported
NH4+ + SO4-2 = NH4SO4-
log_k 1.11
H3BO3 = H2BO3- + H+
log_k -9.240
delta_h 3.224 kcal
# -analytical 24.3919 0.012078 -1343.9 -13.2258
H3BO3 + F- = BF(OH)3-
log_k -0.400
delta_h 1.850 kcal
H3BO3 + 2 F- + H+ = BF2(OH)2- + H2O
log_k 7.63
delta_h 1.618 kcal
H3BO3 + 2 H+ + 3 F- = BF3OH- + 2 H2O
log_k 13.67
delta_h -1.614 kcal
H3BO3 + 3 H+ + 4 F- = BF4- + 3 H2O
log_k 20.28
delta_h -1.846 kcal
PO4-3 + H+ = HPO4-2
log_k 12.346
delta_h -3.530 kcal
-gamma 4.0000 0.0000
-dw 0.69e-9
PO4-3 + 2 H+ = H2PO4-
log_k 19.553
delta_h -4.520 kcal
-gamma 4.5000 0.0000
-dw 0.846e-9
-millero 33.6 # b, c, d, e and f not reported by Millero, 2000
H+ + F- = HF
log_k 3.18
delta_h 3.18 kcal
-analytic -2.033 0.012645 429.01
H+ + 2 F- = HF2-
log_k 3.760
delta_h 4.550 kcal
Ca+2 + H2O = CaOH+ + H+
log_k -12.780
Ca+2 + CO3-2 = CaCO3
log_k 3.224
delta_h 3.545 kcal
-analytic -1228.732 -0.299440 35512.75 485.818
-dw 4.46e-10 # complexes: calc'd with the Pikal formula
Ca+2 + CO3-2 + H+ = CaHCO3+
log_k 11.435
delta_h -0.871 kcal
-analytic 1317.0071 0.34546894 -39916.84 -517.70761 563713.9
-gamma 5.4000 0.0000
-dw 5.06e-10
Ca+2 + SO4-2 = CaSO4
log_k 2.300
delta_h 1.650 kcal
-dw 4.71e-10
Ca+2 + HSO4- = CaHSO4+
log_k 1.08
Ca+2 + PO4-3 = CaPO4-
log_k 6.459
delta_h 3.100 kcal
Ca+2 + HPO4-2 = CaHPO4
log_k 2.739
delta_h 3.3 kcal
Ca+2 + H2PO4- = CaH2PO4+
log_k 1.408
delta_h 3.4 kcal
Ca+2 + F- = CaF+
log_k 0.940
delta_h 4.120 kcal
Mg+2 + H2O = MgOH+ + H+
log_k -11.440
delta_h 15.952 kcal
Mg+2 + CO3-2 = MgCO3
log_k 2.98
delta_h 2.713 kcal
-analytic 0.9910 0.00667
Mg+2 + H+ + CO3-2 = MgHCO3+
log_k 11.399
delta_h -2.771 kcal
-analytic 48.6721 0.03252849 -2614.335 -18.00263 563713.9
Mg+2 + SO4-2 = MgSO4
log_k 2.370
delta_h 4.550 kcal
Mg+2 + PO4-3 = MgPO4-
log_k 6.589
delta_h 3.100 kcal
Mg+2 + HPO4-2 = MgHPO4
log_k 2.87
delta_h 3.3 kcal
Mg+2 + H2PO4- = MgH2PO4+
log_k 1.513
delta_h 3.4 kcal
Mg+2 + F- = MgF+
log_k 1.820
delta_h 3.200 kcal
Na+ + H2O = NaOH + H+
log_k -14.180
Na+ + CO3-2 = NaCO3-
log_k 1.270
delta_h 8.910 kcal
-dw 5.85e-10
Na+ + HCO3- = NaHCO3
log_k -0.25
-dw 6.73e-10
Na+ + SO4-2 = NaSO4-
log_k 0.7
delta_h 1.120 kcal
-dw 6.18e-10
Na+ + HPO4-2 = NaHPO4-
log_k 0.29
Na+ + F- = NaF
log_k -0.240
K+ + H2O = KOH + H+
log_k -14.460
K+ + SO4-2 = KSO4-
log_k 0.850
delta_h 2.250 kcal
-analytical 3.106 0.0 -673.6
-dw 7.46e-10
K+ + HPO4-2 = KHPO4-
log_k 0.29
Fe+2 + H2O = FeOH+ + H+
log_k -9.500
delta_h 13.200 kcal
Fe+2 + Cl- = FeCl+
log_k 0.140
Fe+2 + CO3-2 = FeCO3
log_k 4.380
Fe+2 + HCO3- = FeHCO3+
log_k 2.0
Fe+2 + SO4-2 = FeSO4
log_k 2.250
delta_h 3.230 kcal
Fe+2 + HSO4- = FeHSO4+
log_k 1.08
Fe+2 + 2HS- = Fe(HS)2
log_k 8.95
Fe+2 + 3HS- = Fe(HS)3-
log_k 10.987
Fe+2 + HPO4-2 = FeHPO4
log_k 3.6
Fe+2 + H2PO4- = FeH2PO4+
log_k 2.7
Fe+2 + F- = FeF+
log_k 1.000
Fe+2 = Fe+3 + e-
log_k -13.020
delta_h 9.680 kcal
-gamma 9.0000 0.0000
Fe+3 + H2O = FeOH+2 + H+
log_k -2.19
delta_h 10.4 kcal
Fe+3 + 2 H2O = Fe(OH)2+ + 2 H+
log_k -5.67
delta_h 17.1 kcal
Fe+3 + 3 H2O = Fe(OH)3 + 3 H+
log_k -12.56
delta_h 24.8 kcal
Fe+3 + 4 H2O = Fe(OH)4- + 4 H+
log_k -21.6
delta_h 31.9 kcal
2 Fe+3 + 2 H2O = Fe2(OH)2+4 + 2 H+
log_k -2.95
delta_h 13.5 kcal
3 Fe+3 + 4 H2O = Fe3(OH)4+5 + 4 H+
log_k -6.3
delta_h 14.3 kcal
Fe+3 + Cl- = FeCl+2
log_k 1.48
delta_h 5.6 kcal
Fe+3 + 2 Cl- = FeCl2+
log_k 2.13
Fe+3 + 3 Cl- = FeCl3
log_k 1.13
Fe+3 + SO4-2 = FeSO4+
log_k 4.04
delta_h 3.91 kcal
Fe+3 + HSO4- = FeHSO4+2
log_k 2.48
Fe+3 + 2 SO4-2 = Fe(SO4)2-
log_k 5.38
delta_h 4.60 kcal
Fe+3 + HPO4-2 = FeHPO4+
log_k 5.43
delta_h 5.76 kcal
Fe+3 + H2PO4- = FeH2PO4+2
log_k 5.43
Fe+3 + F- = FeF+2
log_k 6.2
delta_h 2.7 kcal
Fe+3 + 2 F- = FeF2+
log_k 10.8
delta_h 4.8 kcal
Fe+3 + 3 F- = FeF3
log_k 14.0
delta_h 5.4 kcal
Mn+2 + H2O = MnOH+ + H+
log_k -10.590
delta_h 14.400 kcal
Mn+2 + Cl- = MnCl+
log_k 0.610
Mn+2 + 2 Cl- = MnCl2
log_k 0.250
Mn+2 + 3 Cl- = MnCl3-
log_k -0.310
Mn+2 + CO3-2 = MnCO3
log_k 4.900
Mn+2 + HCO3- = MnHCO3+
log_k 1.95
Mn+2 + SO4-2 = MnSO4
log_k 2.250
delta_h 3.370 kcal
Mn+2 + 2 NO3- = Mn(NO3)2
log_k 0.600
delta_h -0.396 kcal
Mn+2 + F- = MnF+
log_k 0.840
Mn+2 = Mn+3 + e-
log_k -25.510
delta_h 25.800 kcal
Al+3 + H2O = AlOH+2 + H+
log_k -5.00
delta_h 11.49 kcal
-analytic -38.253 0.0 -656.27 14.327
Al+3 + 2 H2O = Al(OH)2+ + 2 H+
log_k -10.1
delta_h 26.90 kcal
-analytic 88.500 0.0 -9391.6 -27.121
Al+3 + 3 H2O = Al(OH)3 + 3 H+
log_k -16.9
delta_h 39.89 kcal
-analytic 226.374 0.0 -18247.8 -73.597
Al+3 + 4 H2O = Al(OH)4- + 4 H+
log_k -22.7
delta_h 42.30 kcal
-analytic 51.578 0.0 -11168.9 -14.865
Al+3 + SO4-2 = AlSO4+
log_k 3.5
delta_h 2.29 kcal
Al+3 + 2SO4-2 = Al(SO4)2-
log_k 5.0
delta_h 3.11 kcal
Al+3 + HSO4- = AlHSO4+2
log_k 0.46
Al+3 + F- = AlF+2
log_k 7.000
delta_h 1.060 kcal
Al+3 + 2 F- = AlF2+
log_k 12.700
delta_h 1.980 kcal
Al+3 + 3 F- = AlF3
log_k 16.800
delta_h 2.160 kcal
Al+3 + 4 F- = AlF4-
log_k 19.400
delta_h 2.200 kcal
Al+3 + 5 F- = AlF5-2
log_k 20.600
delta_h 1.840 kcal
Al+3 + 6 F- = AlF6-3
log_k 20.600
delta_h -1.670 kcal
H4SiO4 = H3SiO4- + H+
log_k -9.83
delta_h 6.12 kcal
-analytic -302.3724 -0.050698 15669.69 108.18466 -1119669.0
H4SiO4 = H2SiO4-2 + 2 H+
log_k -23.0
delta_h 17.6 kcal
-analytic -294.0184 -0.072650 11204.49 108.18466 -1119669.0
H4SiO4 + 4 H+ + 6 F- = SiF6-2 + 4 H2O
log_k 30.180
delta_h -16.260 kcal
Ba+2 + H2O = BaOH+ + H+
log_k -13.470
Ba+2 + CO3-2 = BaCO3
log_k 2.71
delta_h 3.55 kcal
-analytic 0.113 0.008721
Ba+2 + HCO3- = BaHCO3+
log_k 0.982
delta_h 5.56 kcal
-analytical -3.0938 0.013669 0.0 0.0 0.0
Ba+2 + SO4-2 = BaSO4
log_k 2.700
Sr+2 + H2O = SrOH+ + H+
log_k -13.290
-gamma 5.0000 0.0000
Sr+2 + CO3-2 + H+ = SrHCO3+
log_k 11.509
delta_h 2.489 kcal
-analytic 104.6391 0.04739549 -5151.79 -38.92561 563713.9
-gamma 5.4000 0.0000
Sr+2 + CO3-2 = SrCO3
log_k 2.81
delta_h 5.22 kcal
-analytic -1.019 0.012826
Sr+2 + SO4-2 = SrSO4
log_k 2.290
delta_h 2.080 kcal
Li+ + H2O = LiOH + H+
log_k -13.640
Li+ + SO4-2 = LiSO4-
log_k 0.640
Cu+2 + e- = Cu+
log_k 2.720
delta_h 1.650 kcal
-gamma 2.5000 0.0000
Cu+2 + H2O = CuOH+ + H+
log_k -8.000
-gamma 4.0000 0.0000
Cu+2 + 2 H2O = Cu(OH)2 + 2 H+
log_k -13.680
Cu+2 + 3 H2O = Cu(OH)3- + 3 H+
log_k -26.900
Cu+2 + 4 H2O = Cu(OH)4-2 + 4 H+
log_k -39.600
Cu+2 + SO4-2 = CuSO4
log_k 2.310
delta_h 1.220 kcal
Zn+2 + H2O = ZnOH+ + H+
log_k -8.96
delta_h 13.4 kcal
Zn+2 + 2 H2O = Zn(OH)2 + 2 H+
log_k -16.900
Zn+2 + 3 H2O = Zn(OH)3- + 3 H+
log_k -28.400
Zn+2 + 4 H2O = Zn(OH)4-2 + 4 H+
log_k -41.200
Zn+2 + Cl- = ZnCl+
log_k 0.43
delta_h 7.79 kcal
Zn+2 + 2 Cl- = ZnCl2
log_k 0.45
delta_h 8.5 kcal
Zn+2 + 3Cl- = ZnCl3-
log_k 0.5
delta_h 9.56 kcal
Zn+2 + 4Cl- = ZnCl4-2
log_k 0.2
delta_h 10.96 kcal
Zn+2 + CO3-2 = ZnCO3
log_k 5.3
Zn+2 + 2CO3-2 = Zn(CO3)2-2
log_k 9.63
Zn+2 + HCO3- = ZnHCO3+
log_k 2.1
Zn+2 + SO4-2 = ZnSO4
log_k 2.37
delta_h 1.36 kcal
Zn+2 + 2SO4-2 = Zn(SO4)2-2
log_k 3.28
Cd+2 + H2O = CdOH+ + H+
log_k -10.080
delta_h 13.1 kcal
Cd+2 + 2 H2O = Cd(OH)2 + 2 H+
log_k -20.350
Cd+2 + 3 H2O = Cd(OH)3- + 3 H+
log_k -33.300
Cd+2 + 4 H2O = Cd(OH)4-2 + 4 H+
log_k -47.350
Cd+2 + Cl- = CdCl+
log_k 1.980
delta_h 0.59 kcal
Cd+2 + 2 Cl- = CdCl2
log_k 2.600
delta_h 1.24 kcal
Cd+2 + 3 Cl- = CdCl3-
log_k 2.400
delta_h 3.9 kcal
Cd+2 + CO3-2 = CdCO3
log_k 2.9
Cd+2 + 2CO3-2 = Cd(CO3)2-2
log_k 6.4
Cd+2 + HCO3- = CdHCO3+
log_k 1.5
Cd+2 + SO4-2 = CdSO4
log_k 2.460
delta_h 1.08 kcal
Cd+2 + 2SO4-2 = Cd(SO4)2-2
log_k 3.5
Pb+2 + H2O = PbOH+ + H+
log_k -7.710
Pb+2 + 2 H2O = Pb(OH)2 + 2 H+
log_k -17.120
Pb+2 + 3 H2O = Pb(OH)3- + 3 H+
log_k -28.060
Pb+2 + 4 H2O = Pb(OH)4-2 + 4 H+
log_k -39.700
2 Pb+2 + H2O = Pb2OH+3 + H+
log_k -6.360
Pb+2 + Cl- = PbCl+
log_k 1.600
delta_h 4.38 kcal
Pb+2 + 2 Cl- = PbCl2
log_k 1.800
delta_h 1.08 kcal
Pb+2 + 3 Cl- = PbCl3-
log_k 1.700
delta_h 2.17 kcal
Pb+2 + 4 Cl- = PbCl4-2
log_k 1.380
delta_h 3.53 kcal
Pb+2 + CO3-2 = PbCO3
log_k 7.240
Pb+2 + 2 CO3-2 = Pb(CO3)2-2
log_k 10.640
Pb+2 + HCO3- = PbHCO3+
log_k 2.9
Pb+2 + SO4-2 = PbSO4
log_k 2.750
Pb+2 + 2 SO4-2 = Pb(SO4)2-2
log_k 3.470
Pb+2 + NO3- = PbNO3+
log_k 1.170
PHASES
Calcite
CaCO3 = CO3-2 + Ca+2
log_k -8.480
delta_h -2.297 kcal
-analytic -171.9065 -0.077993 2839.319 71.595
Aragonite
CaCO3 = CO3-2 + Ca+2
log_k -8.336
delta_h -2.589 kcal
-analytic -171.9773 -0.077993 2903.293 71.595
Dolomite
CaMg(CO3)2 = Ca+2 + Mg+2 + 2 CO3-2
log_k -17.090
delta_h -9.436 kcal
Siderite
FeCO3 = Fe+2 + CO3-2
log_k -10.890
delta_h -2.480 kcal
Rhodochrosite
MnCO3 = Mn+2 + CO3-2
log_k -11.130
delta_h -1.430 kcal
Strontianite
SrCO3 = Sr+2 + CO3-2
log_k -9.271
delta_h -0.400 kcal
-analytic 155.0305 0.0 -7239.594 -56.58638
Witherite
BaCO3 = Ba+2 + CO3-2
log_k -8.562
delta_h 0.703 kcal
-analytic 607.642 0.121098 -20011.25 -236.4948
Gypsum
CaSO4:2H2O = Ca+2 + SO4-2 + 2 H2O
log_k -4.580
delta_h -0.109 kcal
-analytic 68.2401 0.0 -3221.51 -25.0627
Anhydrite
CaSO4 = Ca+2 + SO4-2
log_k -4.360
delta_h -1.710 kcal
-analytic 197.52 0.0 -8669.8 -69.835
Celestite
SrSO4 = Sr+2 + SO4-2
log_k -6.630
delta_h -1.037 kcal
-analytic -14805.9622 -2.4660924 756968.533 5436.3588 -40553604.0
Barite
BaSO4 = Ba+2 + SO4-2
log_k -9.970
delta_h 6.350 kcal
-analytic 136.035 0.0 -7680.41 -48.595
Hydroxyapatite
Ca5(PO4)3OH + 4 H+ = H2O + 3 HPO4-2 + 5 Ca+2
log_k -3.421
delta_h -36.155 kcal
Fluorite
CaF2 = Ca+2 + 2 F-
log_k -10.600
delta_h 4.690 kcal
-analytic 66.348 0.0 -4298.2 -25.271
SiO2(a)
SiO2 + 2 H2O = H4SiO4
log_k -2.710
delta_h 3.340 kcal
-analytic -0.26 0.0 -731.0
Chalcedony
SiO2 + 2 H2O = H4SiO4
log_k -3.550
delta_h 4.720 kcal
-analytic -0.09 0.0 -1032.0
Quartz
SiO2 + 2 H2O = H4SiO4
log_k -3.980
delta_h 5.990 kcal
-analytic 0.41 0.0 -1309.0
Gibbsite
Al(OH)3 + 3 H+ = Al+3 + 3 H2O
log_k 8.110
delta_h -22.800 kcal
Al(OH)3(a)
Al(OH)3 + 3 H+ = Al+3 + 3 H2O
log_k 10.800
delta_h -26.500 kcal
Kaolinite
Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 6 H+ = H2O + 2 H4SiO4 + 2 Al+3
log_k 7.435
delta_h -35.300 kcal
Albite
NaAlSi3O8 + 8 H2O = Na+ + Al(OH)4- + 3 H4SiO4
log_k -18.002
delta_h 25.896 kcal
Anorthite
CaAl2Si2O8 + 8 H2O = Ca+2 + 2 Al(OH)4- + 2 H4SiO4
log_k -19.714
delta_h 11.580 kcal
K-feldspar
KAlSi3O8 + 8 H2O = K+ + Al(OH)4- + 3 H4SiO4
log_k -20.573
delta_h 30.820 kcal
K-mica
KAl3Si3O10(OH)2 + 10 H+ = K+ + 3 Al+3 + 3 H4SiO4
log_k 12.703
delta_h -59.376 kcal
Chlorite(14A)
Mg5Al2Si3O10(OH)8 + 16H+ = 5Mg+2 + 2Al+3 + 3H4SiO4 + 6H2O
log_k 68.38
delta_h -151.494 kcal
Ca-Montmorillonite
Ca0.165Al2.33Si3.67O10(OH)2 + 12 H2O = 0.165Ca+2 + 2.33 Al(OH)4- + 3.67 H4SiO4 + 2 H+
log_k -45.027
delta_h 58.373 kcal
Talc
Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 + 4 H2O + 6 H+ = 3 Mg+2 + 4 H4SiO4
log_k 21.399
delta_h -46.352 kcal
Illite
K0.6Mg0.25Al2.3Si3.5O10(OH)2 + 11.2H2O = 0.6K+ + 0.25Mg+2 + 2.3Al(OH)4- + 3.5H4SiO4 + 1.2H+
log_k -40.267
delta_h 54.684 kcal
Chrysotile
Mg3Si2O5(OH)4 + 6 H+ = H2O + 2 H4SiO4 + 3 Mg+2
log_k 32.200
delta_h -46.800 kcal
-analytic 13.248 0.0 10217.1 -6.1894
Sepiolite
Mg2Si3O7.5OH:3H2O + 4 H+ + 0.5H2O = 2 Mg+2 + 3 H4SiO4
log_k 15.760
delta_h -10.700 kcal
Sepiolite(d)
Mg2Si3O7.5OH:3H2O + 4 H+ + 0.5H2O = 2 Mg+2 + 3 H4SiO4
log_k 18.660
Hematite
Fe2O3 + 6 H+ = 2 Fe+3 + 3 H2O
log_k -4.008
delta_h -30.845 kcal
Goethite
FeOOH + 3 H+ = Fe+3 + 2 H2O
log_k -1.000
delta_h -14.48 kcal
Fe(OH)3(a)
Fe(OH)3 + 3 H+ = Fe+3 + 3 H2O
log_k 4.891
Pyrite
FeS2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = Fe+2 + 2 HS-
log_k -18.479
delta_h 11.300 kcal
FeS(ppt)
FeS + H+ = Fe+2 + HS-
log_k -3.915
Mackinawite
FeS + H+ = Fe+2 + HS-
log_k -4.648
Sulfur
S + 2H+ + 2e- = H2S
log_k 4.882
delta_h -9.5 kcal
Vivianite
Fe3(PO4)2:8H2O = 3 Fe+2 + 2 PO4-3 + 8 H2O
log_k -36.000
Pyrolusite
MnO2 + 4 H+ + 2 e- = Mn+2 + 2 H2O
log_k 41.380
delta_h -65.110 kcal
Hausmannite
Mn3O4 + 8 H+ + 2 e- = 3 Mn+2 + 4 H2O
log_k 61.030
delta_h -100.640 kcal
Manganite
MnOOH + 3 H+ + e- = Mn+2 + 2 H2O
log_k 25.340
Pyrochroite
Mn(OH)2 + 2 H+ = Mn+2 + 2 H2O
log_k 15.200
Halite
NaCl = Na+ + Cl-
log_k 1.582
delta_h 0.918 kcal
CO2(g)
CO2 = CO2
log_k -1.468
delta_h -4.776 kcal
-analytic 108.3865 0.01985076 -6919.53 -40.45154 669365.0
O2(g)
O2 = O2
# log_k -2.960
# delta_h -1.844 kcal
# log K from llnl.dat Aug 23, 2005
log_k -2.8983
-analytic -7.5001e+000 7.8981e-003 0.0000e+000 0.0000e+000 2.0027e+005
H2(g)
H2 = H2
log_k -3.150
delta_h -1.759 kcal
H2O(g)
H2O = H2O
log_k 1.51
delta_h -44.03 kJ
# Stumm and Morgan, from NBS and Robie, Hemmingway, and Fischer (1978)
N2(g)
N2 = N2
log_k -3.260
delta_h -1.358 kcal
H2S(g)
H2S = H2S
log_k -0.997
delta_h -4.570 kcal
CH4(g)
CH4 = CH4
log_k -2.860
delta_h -3.373 kcal
NH3(g)
NH3 = NH3
log_k 1.770
delta_h -8.170 kcal
Melanterite
FeSO4:7H2O = 7 H2O + Fe+2 + SO4-2
log_k -2.209
delta_h 4.910 kcal
-analytic 1.447 -0.004153 0.0 0.0 -214949.0
Alunite
KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6 + 6 H+ = K+ + 3 Al+3 + 2 SO4-2 + 6H2O
log_k -1.400
delta_h -50.250 kcal
Jarosite-K
KFe3(SO4)2(OH)6 + 6 H+ = 3 Fe+3 + 6 H2O + K+ + 2 SO4-2
log_k -9.210
delta_h -31.280 kcal
Zn(OH)2(e)
Zn(OH)2 + 2 H+ = Zn+2 + 2 H2O
log_k 11.50
Smithsonite
ZnCO3 = Zn+2 + CO3-2
log_k -10.000
delta_h -4.36 kcal
Sphalerite
ZnS + H+ = Zn+2 + HS-
log_k -11.618
delta_h 8.250 kcal
Willemite 289
Zn2SiO4 + 4H+ = 2Zn+2 + H4SiO4
log_k 15.33
delta_h -33.37 kcal
Cd(OH)2
Cd(OH)2 + 2 H+ = Cd+2 + 2 H2O
log_k 13.650
Otavite 315
CdCO3 = Cd+2 + CO3-2
log_k -12.1
delta_h -0.019 kcal
CdSiO3 328
CdSiO3 + H2O + 2H+ = Cd+2 + H4SiO4
log_k 9.06
delta_h -16.63 kcal
CdSO4 329
CdSO4 = Cd+2 + SO4-2
log_k -0.1
delta_h -14.74 kcal
Cerrusite 365
PbCO3 = Pb+2 + CO3-2
log_k -13.13
delta_h 4.86 kcal
Anglesite 384
PbSO4 = Pb+2 + SO4-2
log_k -7.79
delta_h 2.15 kcal
Pb(OH)2 389
Pb(OH)2 + 2H+ = Pb+2 + 2H2O
log_k 8.15
delta_h -13.99 kcal
EXCHANGE_MASTER_SPECIES
X X-
EXCHANGE_SPECIES
X- = X-
log_k 0.0
Na+ + X- = NaX
log_k 0.0
-gamma 4.0 0.075
K+ + X- = KX
log_k 0.7
-gamma 3.5 0.015
delta_h -4.3 # Jardine & Sparks, 1984
Li+ + X- = LiX
log_k -0.08
-gamma 6.0 0.0
delta_h 1.4 # Merriam & Thomas, 1956
NH4+ + X- = NH4X
log_k 0.6
-gamma 2.5 0.0
delta_h -2.4 # Laudelout et al., 1968
Ca+2 + 2X- = CaX2
log_k 0.8
-gamma 5.0 0.165
delta_h 7.2 # Van Bladel & Gheyl, 1980
Mg+2 + 2X- = MgX2
log_k 0.6
-gamma 5.5 0.2
delta_h 7.4 # Laudelout et al., 1968
Sr+2 + 2X- = SrX2
log_k 0.91
-gamma 5.26 0.121
delta_h 5.5 # Laudelout et al., 1968
Ba+2 + 2X- = BaX2
log_k 0.91
-gamma 5.0 0.0
delta_h 4.5 # Laudelout et al., 1968
Mn+2 + 2X- = MnX2
log_k 0.52
-gamma 6.0 0.0
Fe+2 + 2X- = FeX2
log_k 0.44
-gamma 6.0 0.0
Cu+2 + 2X- = CuX2
log_k 0.6
-gamma 6.0 0.0
Zn+2 + 2X- = ZnX2
log_k 0.8
-gamma 5.0 0.0
Cd+2 + 2X- = CdX2
log_k 0.8
-gamma 0.0 0.0
Pb+2 + 2X- = PbX2
log_k 1.05
-gamma 0.0 0.0
Al+3 + 3X- = AlX3
log_k 0.41
-gamma 9.0 0.0
AlOH+2 + 2X- = AlOHX2
log_k 0.89
-gamma 0.0 0.0
SURFACE_MASTER_SPECIES
Hfo_s Hfo_sOH
Hfo_w Hfo_wOH
SURFACE_SPECIES
# All surface data from
# Dzombak and Morel, 1990
#
#
# Acid-base data from table 5.7
#
# strong binding site--Hfo_s,
Hfo_sOH = Hfo_sOH
log_k 0.0
Hfo_sOH + H+ = Hfo_sOH2+
log_k 7.29 # = pKa1,int
Hfo_sOH = Hfo_sO- + H+
log_k -8.93 # = -pKa2,int
# weak binding site--Hfo_w
Hfo_wOH = Hfo_wOH
log_k 0.0
Hfo_wOH + H+ = Hfo_wOH2+
log_k 7.29 # = pKa1,int
Hfo_wOH = Hfo_wO- + H+
log_k -8.93 # = -pKa2,int
###############################################
# CATIONS #
###############################################
#
# Cations from table 10.1 or 10.5
#
# Calcium
Hfo_sOH + Ca+2 = Hfo_sOHCa+2
log_k 4.97
Hfo_wOH + Ca+2 = Hfo_wOCa+ + H+
log_k -5.85
# Strontium
Hfo_sOH + Sr+2 = Hfo_sOHSr+2
log_k 5.01
Hfo_wOH + Sr+2 = Hfo_wOSr+ + H+
log_k -6.58
Hfo_wOH + Sr+2 + H2O = Hfo_wOSrOH + 2H+
log_k -17.60
# Barium
Hfo_sOH + Ba+2 = Hfo_sOHBa+2
log_k 5.46
Hfo_wOH + Ba+2 = Hfo_wOBa+ + H+
log_k -7.2 # table 10.5
#
# Cations from table 10.2
#
# Cadmium
Hfo_sOH + Cd+2 = Hfo_sOCd+ + H+
log_k 0.47
Hfo_wOH + Cd+2 = Hfo_wOCd+ + H+
log_k -2.91
# Zinc
Hfo_sOH + Zn+2 = Hfo_sOZn+ + H+
log_k 0.99
Hfo_wOH + Zn+2 = Hfo_wOZn+ + H+
log_k -1.99
# Copper
Hfo_sOH + Cu+2 = Hfo_sOCu+ + H+
log_k 2.89
Hfo_wOH + Cu+2 = Hfo_wOCu+ + H+
log_k 0.6 # table 10.5
# Lead
Hfo_sOH + Pb+2 = Hfo_sOPb+ + H+
log_k 4.65
Hfo_wOH + Pb+2 = Hfo_wOPb+ + H+
log_k 0.3 # table 10.5
#
# Derived constants table 10.5
#
# Magnesium
Hfo_wOH + Mg+2 = Hfo_wOMg+ + H+
log_k -4.6
# Manganese
Hfo_sOH + Mn+2 = Hfo_sOMn+ + H+
log_k -0.4 # table 10.5
Hfo_wOH + Mn+2 = Hfo_wOMn+ + H+
log_k -3.5 # table 10.5
# Iron
# Hfo_sOH + Fe+2 = Hfo_sOFe+ + H+
# log_k 0.7 # LFER using table 10.5
# Hfo_wOH + Fe+2 = Hfo_wOFe+ + H+
# log_k -2.5 # LFER using table 10.5
# Iron, strong site: Appelo, Van der Weiden, Tournassat & Charlet, EST 36,
Hfo_sOH + Fe+2 = Hfo_sOFe+ + H+
log_k -0.95
# Iron, weak site: Liger et al., GCA 63, 2939, re-optimized for D&M
Hfo_wOH + Fe+2 = Hfo_wOFe+ + H+
log_k -2.98
Hfo_wOH + Fe+2 + H2O = Hfo_wOFeOH + 2H+
log_k -11.55
###############################################
# ANIONS #
###############################################
#
# Anions from table 10.6
#
# Phosphate
Hfo_wOH + PO4-3 + 3H+ = Hfo_wH2PO4 + H2O
log_k 31.29
Hfo_wOH + PO4-3 + 2H+ = Hfo_wHPO4- + H2O
log_k 25.39
Hfo_wOH + PO4-3 + H+ = Hfo_wPO4-2 + H2O
log_k 17.72
#
# Anions from table 10.7
#
# Borate
Hfo_wOH + H3BO3 = Hfo_wH2BO3 + H2O
log_k 0.62
#
# Anions from table 10.8
#
# Sulfate
Hfo_wOH + SO4-2 + H+ = Hfo_wSO4- + H2O
log_k 7.78
Hfo_wOH + SO4-2 = Hfo_wOHSO4-2
log_k 0.79
#
# Derived constants table 10.10
#
Hfo_wOH + F- + H+ = Hfo_wF + H2O
log_k 8.7
Hfo_wOH + F- = Hfo_wOHF-
log_k 1.6
#
# Carbonate: Van Geen et al., 1994 reoptimized for HFO
# 0.15 g HFO/L has 0.344 mM sites == 2 g of Van Geen's Goethite/L
#
# Hfo_wOH + CO3-2 + H+ = Hfo_wCO3- + H2O
# log_k 12.56
#
# Hfo_wOH + CO3-2 + 2H+= Hfo_wHCO3 + H2O
# log_k 20.62
# 9/19/96
# Added analytical expression for H2S, NH3, KSO4.
# Added species CaHSO4+.
# Added delta H for Goethite.
RATES
###########
#K-feldspar
###########
#
# Sverdrup, H.U., 1990, The kinetics of base cation release due to
# chemical weathering: Lund University Press, Lund, 246 p.
#
# Example of KINETICS data block for K-feldspar rate:
# KINETICS 1
# K-feldspar
# -m0 2.16 # 10% K-fsp, 0.1 mm cubes
# -m 1.94
# -parms 1.36e4 0.1
K-feldspar
-start
1 rem specific rate from Sverdrup, 1990, in kmol/m2/s
2 rem parm(1) = 10 * (A/V, 1/dm) (recalc's sp. rate to mol/kgw)
3 rem parm(2) = corrects for field rate relative to lab rate
4 rem temp corr: from p. 162. E (kJ/mol) / R / 2.303 = H in H*(1/T-1/298)
10 dif_temp = 1/TK - 1/298
20 pk_H = 12.5 + 3134 * dif_temp
30 pk_w = 15.3 + 1838 * dif_temp
40 pk_OH = 14.2 + 3134 * dif_temp
50 pk_CO2 = 14.6 + 1677 * dif_temp
#60 pk_org = 13.9 + 1254 * dif_temp # rate increase with DOC
70 rate = 10^-pk_H * ACT("H+")^0.5 + 10^-pk_w + 10^-pk_OH * ACT("OH-")^0.3
71 rate = rate + 10^-pk_CO2 * (10^SI("CO2(g)"))^0.6
#72 rate = rate + 10^-pk_org * TOT("Doc")^0.4
80 moles = parm(1) * parm(2) * rate * (1 - SR("K-feldspar")) * time
81 rem decrease rate on precipitation
90 if SR("K-feldspar") > 1 then moles = moles * 0.1
100 save moles
-end
###########
#Albite
###########
#
# Sverdrup, H.U., 1990, The kinetics of base cation release due to
# chemical weathering: Lund University Press, Lund, 246 p.
#
# Example of KINETICS data block for Albite rate:
# KINETICS 1
# Albite
# -m0 0.43 # 2% Albite, 0.1 mm cubes
# -parms 2.72e3 0.1
Albite
-start
1 rem specific rate from Sverdrup, 1990, in kmol/m2/s
2 rem parm(1) = 10 * (A/V, 1/dm) (recalc's sp. rate to mol/kgw)
3 rem parm(2) = corrects for field rate relative to lab rate
4 rem temp corr: from p. 162. E (kJ/mol) / R / 2.303 = H in H*(1/T-1/298)
10 dif_temp = 1/TK - 1/298
20 pk_H = 12.5 + 3359 * dif_temp
30 pk_w = 14.8 + 2648 * dif_temp
40 pk_OH = 13.7 + 3359 * dif_temp
#41 rem ^12.9 in Sverdrup, but larger than for oligoclase...
50 pk_CO2 = 14.0 + 1677 * dif_temp
#60 pk_org = 12.5 + 1254 * dif_temp # ...rate increase for DOC
70 rate = 10^-pk_H * ACT("H+")^0.5 + 10^-pk_w + 10^-pk_OH * ACT("OH-")^0.3
71 rate = rate + 10^-pk_CO2 * (10^SI("CO2(g)"))^0.6
#72 rate = rate + 10^-pk_org * TOT("Doc")^0.4
80 moles = parm(1) * parm(2) * rate * (1 - SR("Albite")) * time
81 rem decrease rate on precipitation
90 if SR("Albite") > 1 then moles = moles * 0.1
100 save moles
-end
########
#Calcite
########
#
# Plummer, L.N., Wigley, T.M.L., and Parkhurst, D.L., 1978,
# American Journal of Science, v. 278, p. 179-216.
#
# Example of KINETICS data block for calcite rate:
#
# KINETICS 1
# Calcite
# -tol 1e-8
# -m0 3.e-3
# -m 3.e-3
# -parms 5.0 0.6
Calcite
-start
1 REM Modified from Plummer and others, 1978
2 REM M = current moles of calcite
3 REM M0 = initial moles of calcite
4 REM parm(1) = Area/Volume, cm^2/L (or cm^2 per cell)
5 REM parm(2) = exponent for M/M0 for surface area correction
10 REM rate = 0 if no calcite and undersaturated
20 si_cc = SI("Calcite")
30 if (M <= 0 and si_cc < 0) then goto 300
40 k1 = 10^(0.198 - 444.0 / TK )
50 k2 = 10^(2.84 - 2177.0 / TK )
60 if TC <= 25 then k3 = 10^(-5.86 - 317.0 / TK )
70 if TC > 25 then k3 = 10^(-1.1 - 1737.0 / TK )
80 REM surface area calculation
90 t = 1
100 if M0 > 0 then t = M/M0
110 if t = 0 then t = 1
120 area = PARM(1) * (t)^PARM(2)
130 rf = k1 * ACT("H+") + k2 * ACT("CO2") + k3 * ACT("H2O")
140 REM 1e-3 converts mmol to mol
150 rate = area * 1e-3 * rf * (1 - 10^(2/3*si_cc))
160 moles = rate * TIME
170 REM do not dissolve more calcite than present
180 if (moles > M) then moles = M
190 if (moles >= 0) then goto 300
200 REM do not precipitate more Ca or C(4) than present
210 temp = TOT("Ca")
220 mc = TOT("C(4)")
230 if mc < temp then temp = mc
240 if -moles > temp then moles = -temp
300 SAVE moles
-end
#######
#Pyrite
#######
#
# Williamson, M.A. and Rimstidt, J.D., 1994,
# Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 58, p. 5443-5454.
#
# Example of KINETICS data block for pyrite rate:
# KINETICS 1
# Pyrite
# -tol 1e-8
# -m0 5.e-4
# -m 5.e-4
# -parms 2.0 0.67 .5 -0.11
Pyrite
-start
1 rem Williamson and Rimstidt, 1994
2 rem parm(1) = log10(A/V, 1/dm) parm(2) = exp for (m/m0)
3 rem parm(3) = exp for O2 parm(4) = exp for H+
10 if (m <= 0) then goto 200
20 if (si("Pyrite") >= 0) then goto 200
25 rate = -10.19 + parm(1) + parm(3)*lm("O2") + parm(4)*lm("H+") + parm(2)*log10(m/m0)
30 moles = 10^rate * time
40 if (moles > m) then moles = m
200 save moles
-end
##########
#Organic_C
##########
#
# Example of KINETICS data block for Organic_C rate:
# KINETICS 1
# Organic_C
# -tol 1e-8
# # m in mol/kgw
# -m0 5e-3
# -m 5e-3
Organic_C
-start
1 rem Additive Monod kinetics
2 rem Electron acceptors: O2, NO3, and SO4
10 if (m <= 0) then goto 200
20 mO2 = mol("O2")
30 mNO3 = tot("N(5)")
40 mSO4 = tot("S(6)")
50 rate = 1.57e-9*mO2/(2.94e-4 + mO2) + 1.67e-11*mNO3/(1.55e-4 + mNO3)
60 rate = rate + 1.e-13*mSO4/(1.e-4 + mSO4)
70 moles = rate * m * (m/m0) * time
80 if (moles > m) then moles = m
200 save moles
-end
###########
#Pyrolusite
###########
#
# Postma, and Appelo., GCA 64, 1237
#
# Example of KINETICS data block for Pyrolusite
# KINETICS 1-12
# Pyrolusite
# -tol 1.e-7
# -m0 0.1
# -m 0.1
Pyrolusite
-start
5 if (m <= 0.0) then goto 200
7 sr_pl = sr("Pyrolusite")
9 if abs(1 - sr_pl) < 0.1 then goto 200
10 if (sr_pl > 1.0) then goto 100
#20 rem initially 1 mol Fe+2 = 0.5 mol pyrolusite. k*A/V = 1/time (3 cells)
#22 rem time (3 cells) = 1.432e4. 1/time = 6.98e-5
30 Fe_t = tot("Fe(2)")
32 if Fe_t < 1.e-8 then goto 200
40 moles = 6.98e-5 * Fe_t * (m/m0)^0.67 * time * (1 - sr_pl)
50 if moles > Fe_t / 2 then moles = Fe_t / 2
70 if moles > m then moles = m
90 goto 200
100 Mn_t = tot("Mn")
110 moles = 2e-3 * 6.98e-5 * (1-sr_pl) * time
120 if moles <= -Mn_t then moles = -Mn_t
200 save moles
-end
END
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